ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Global Media and Information Literacy Week: Moving Towards MIL Cities
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69653_c1912147a05db2ec2a29f6098558c89a.pdf
2019-01-01
1
4
10.22059/jcss.2019.69653
Information literacy
media and information literate cities
media literacy
MIL week
Smart cities
Saied Reza
Ameli
ssameli@ut.ac.ir
1
Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Salehi-Nejad
salehinejad@ut.ac.ir
2
UNESCO Chair on Cyberspace and Culture, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors Influencing Social Media Usage in the US
Given the immense shifts the social networking sites and applications have brought about, a considerable number of researchers in the field of communication studies have turned to study different aspects of social media usage and factors influencing it. This study gathered data from 33318 US non-institutionalized citizens over 18 including 17079 females and 16239 males; they were members of web panelists of Pew, and their answers revealed that a majority of this online participants used a kind of social media. The results of this study revealed women use social media more than men, and religious people more than non-religious people. In addition, the results indicated that married people are the least users of social media in comparison with other marital groups. Our results showed that all demographics are significantly related to social media usage. But this significance can be somehow misleading because of weak practical effect sizes. Except for marital status and age Cramer’s V values are too small and their significance may have nothing to say but sensitivity to the degree of freedom.
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69182_95d023cefe17fe8bdd020da1b263c1c7.pdf
2019-01-01
5
22
10.22059/jcss.2019.270606.1029
Facebook
pew
Social media
Twitter
Ehsan
Shahghasemi
shahghasemi@ut.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Communication, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Emamzadeh
zahra.emamzadeh@pg.canterbury.ac.nz
2
PhD Candidate of Media and Communication, University of Canterbury, New Zealand
AUTHOR
Bekafigo, M.A. & McBride, A. (2013). Who tweets about politics?: Political participation of Twitter users during the 2011Gubernatorial Elections. Social Science Computer Review, 31(5): 625-643. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439313490405
1
Chou, W.S., Hunt, Y.M., Beckjord, E.B., Moser, R.P. & Hesse, B.W. (2009). Social Media Use in the United States: Implications for Health Communication. Gunther Eysenbach.
2
Correa, T., Hinsley, A.W. & de de Zúñiga, H.G. (2010). Who interacts on the Web?: The intersection of users’ personality and social media use. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(2): 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.09.003
3
Ellison, N.B., Steinfield, C. & Lampe, C. (July 01, 2007). The benefits of Facebook “Friends”: social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4): 1143-1168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x
4
Enli, G. (2017). Twitter as arena for the authentic outsider: exploring the social media campaigns of Trump and Clinton in the 2016 US presidential election. European Journal of Communication, 32(1): 50-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323116682802
5
Gabriel, S., Paravati, E., Green, M.C. & Flomsbee, J. (2018). From apprentice to president: The role of parasocial connection in the election of Donald Trump. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9(3): 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550617722835
6
Halpern, D., Valenzuela, S. & Katz, J. E. (2017). We Face, I Tweet: How different social media influence political participation through collective and internal efficacy. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 22(6): 320-336. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12198
7
Hughes, D.J., Rowe, M., Batey, M. & Lee, A. (2012). A tale of two sites: Twitter vs. Facebook and the personality predictors of social media usage. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2): 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.11.001
8
Jantsch, J. (2018). The state of social media usage in America today. Retrieved October 3, 2018 from https://www.ducttapemarketing.com/social-media-usage.
9
Lenhart, A., Zickuhr, K., Smith, A., Purcell, K. & Pew Internet & American Life Project (2010). Social Media & Mobile Internet Use Among Teens and Young Adults. Millennials. Pew Internet & American Life Project.
10
Liu, L., Sidani, J.E., Shensa, A., Radovic, A., Miller, E., Colditz, J.B. & Primack, B.A. (2016). Association between Social Media Use and Depression among U.S. Young Adults. Depression and Anxiety, 33, 4, 323-331. doi: 10.1002/da.22466.
11
Nielsen (2018). Time flies: U.S. adults now spend nearly half a day interacting with media. Retrieved October 29, 2018 from https://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/news/2018/time-flies-us-adults-now-spend-nearly-half-a-day-interacting-with-media.print.html.
12
Rauniar, R., Yang, J., Rawski, G. & Johnson, B. (2014). Technology acceptance model (TAM) and social media usage: An empirical study on Facebook. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 27(1): 6-30. DOI: 10.1108/JEIM-04-2012-0011
13
Reynolds, A.J. (2018). New media celebrity and social media promotions: An abstract. The Conference of Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science Book Series (DMSPAMS), New York.
14
Statistica (2018). Percentage of U.S. population with a social media profile from 2008 to 2018. Retrieved October 23, 2018 from https://www.statista.com/statistics/273476/percentage-of-us-population-with-a-social-network-profile.
15
Valenzuela, S., Correa, T. & Gil, Z.H. (2018). Ties, Likes, and Tweets: Using strong and weak ties to explain differences in protest participation across Facebook and Twitter use. Political Communication, 35(1): 117-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2017.1334726
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mass Media vs. the Mass of Media: A Study on the Human Nodes in a Social Network and their Chosen Messages
In Internet-based social networks, the nodes have the most pivotal role in the processes and outcomes of the networks. Whether they pay attention to a message in the network or ignore it defines the fate of the message. One message is shared and re-shared by millions of users and another is left forgotten. The current study tries to shed light on one aspect of the role of the users in a social network: How are people different in the types of messages to which they pay attention? Some 500 Facebook users were interviewed and a creative method were used to find the public Facebook messages on which they had commented. Then, the researchers coded the data into different categories and carried out statistical analyses looking for significant relations between the types of Facebook users and the types of messages on which they commented. The results of the study include 21 significant relations, suggesting that the approach taken by this study can be promising and if completed by several other studies it could help us find local and universal patterns that affect the flow of information. With enough knowledge on social networks we must be able to design specific messages, for specific groups of people.
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69183_4b690a10562fa734bb38a9baa36e3078.pdf
2019-01-01
23
42
10.22059/jcss.2019.271467.1031
Facebook
information flow
message characteristics
network behavior
social networks
Shaho
Sabbar
shaho_sabbar@yahoo.com
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Iranian Studies, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Donald
Matheson
donald.matheson@canterbury.ac.nz
2
Associate Professor, Media and Communication, University of Canterbury, Canterbury, New Zealand
AUTHOR
Besley, J. C., & Baxter-Clemmons, S. (2010). Analysis of South Carolina hydrogen and fuel cell workers views and opinion leadership behavior: A waiting opportunity? International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 8407-8416. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.06.002
1
Camarero, C., & San José, R. (2011). Social and attitudinal determinants of viral marketing dynamics. Computers in Human Behavior,27(6), 2292-2300. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2011.07.008
2
Chafe, W. (1987). Cognitive constraints on information flow. Coherence and Grounding in Discourse, 21. doi:10.1075/tsl.11.03cha
3
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann Jr., W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 504–528. doi:10.1016/s0092-6566(03)00046-1
4
Granato, J., & Krause, G. A. (2000). Information diffusion within the electorate: the asymmetric transmission of political–economic information. Electoral Studies, 19(4), 519–537. doi:10.1016/s0261-3794(99)00027-x
5
Granato, J., Lo, M., & Wong, M. C. S. (2011). Modeling and testing the diffusion of expectations: An EITM approach. Electoral Studies, 30(3), 389-398. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2010.11.003
6
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2011). Two hearts in three-quarter time: How to waltz the social media/viral marketing dance. Business Horizons, 54(3), 253-263. doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2011.01.006
7
Subramanian, R., & Katz, E. (Eds.). (2011). The Global Flow of Information. doi:10.18574/nyu/9780814748114.001.0001
8
Lane, B. L., Piercy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2016). Making it Facebook official: The warranting value of online relationship status disclosures on relational characteristics. Computers in Human Behavior, 56, 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.016
9
Lazarsfeld, P. F., Berelson, B., & Gaudet, H. (1944). The people's choice: how the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. Columbia University Press.
10
Lehman, M., & Burke, T. J. (1981). Communication technologies and information flow. New York: Pergamon Press.
11
Luce, R. D. (1953). Information flow in task-oriented groups. Cambridge, Mass: Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
12
Pescher, C., & Spann, M. (2014). Relevance of actors in bridging positions for product-related information diffusion. Journal of Business Research, 67(8), 1630–1637. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.09.005
13
Pescher, C., Reichhart, P., & Spann, M. (2014). Consumer Decision-making Processes in Mobile Viral Marketing Campaigns. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 28(1), 43-54. doi:10.1016/j.intmar.2013.08.001
14
Ramirez, S., Dwivedi, P., Ghilardi, A., & Bailis, R. (2014). Diffusion of non-traditional cookstoves across western Honduras: A social network analysis. Energy Policy, 66, 379-389. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.008
15
Reitman, R. P. (1978). Information flow in parallel programs: An axiomatic approach. Ithaca: Dept. of Computer Science, Cornell University.
16
Sabbar, S., & Hyun D. (2016). What makes it likeable? A study on the reactions to messages in a digital social network: the case of Facebook in Farsi. SpringerPlus, 5: 2103. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-3771-3
17
Schmitt-Beck, R., & Mackenrodt, C. (2010). Social networks and mass media as mobilizers and demobilizers: A study of turnout at a German local election. Electoral Studies, 29(3), 392-404. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2010.03.011
18
Torrente, E., Martí, T., & Escarrabill, J. (2012). A breath of Twitter. Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia, 18(3), 137-141. doi:10.1016/j.rppneu.2012.02.007
19
Tufekci, Z., & Wilson, C. (2012). Social Media and the Decision to Participate in Political Protest: Observations From Tahrir Square. Journal of Communication, 62(2), 363–379. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01629.x
20
Valenzuela, S., Park, N., & Kee, K. F. (2009). Is There Social Capital in a Social Network Site?: Facebook Use and College Students’Life Satisfaction, Trust, and Participation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14(4), 875–901. doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01474.x
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Psychoanalytic Reading of Cyberspace: Problematizing the Digitalization of Oedipus Complex and the Dialectic of Subjectivity and Castration in the Cyberspace
In the present paper, a translational model to psychoanalyze the cyberspace is presented with the argument that cyberspace is a translated version of human unconscious that projects both our unfulfilled desires and suppressed anxieties. This Freudian-based line of argument is followed by Lacanian (1950s)and Zizekian (2004) psychoanalysis to problematize the digitalization of Oedipus complex and the dialectic of castration and subjectivity within the cyberspace. By adopting a fuzzy logic-based approach, it is argued that cyberspace has both a panopticon-like and synopticon-like structure. The former is Oedipal in that it induces a sense of paranoia in the subjects and makes them symbolically castrated, but the latter is anti-Oedipal in that it promotes indeterminacy and pushes the subjects to the climax of self-subjectivity and subversion of the Oedipally determined identities. This is a counterargument to Zizek’s (2004) strong view that cyberspace is essentially anti-Oedipal, a transition from the symbolic castration structure to post-Oedipal libidinal economy. The central argument of the paper is that cyberspace is the realm of both the Imaginary and Symbolic Orders where both the pleasure and morality principles are at work and access to the Real Order is maximized.
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69184_ee00cc22cf8bebb1fbde3c92c823ffc3.pdf
2019-01-01
43
58
10.22059/jcss.2019.272039.1032
anti-Oedipus
castration
cyberspace
Psychoanalysis
subjectivity
Translation
Abdollah
Karimzadeh
abdollah.karimzadeh@gmail.com
1
Assistant Professor, Department of English Language & Literature, University of Tehran, Tehran: Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Benjamin, A. (1986). The Decline of Art: Benjamin's Aura. In Oxford Art Journal, 9(2): 30-35. doi:10.1093/oxartj/9.2.30
1
Bertens, H. (2007). Literary Theory: The Basics. New York: Routledge.
2
De Kerckhove, D. (2009). The Body Electric: E-addiction, Penelope Complex, E-lag and Other E-pathologies. Barcelona:Internet Interdisciplinary Institute.
3
Deleuze, G. et al. (1983). Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Anti-Oedipus. Vol. 1, trans. F. Hurley, et al. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
4
Eagleton, T. (1997). Literary Theory: An Introduction. 2nd Ed. Oxford: Blackwell.
5
Evans, D. (1996). An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. London and New York: Routledge.
6
Flieger, J.A. (2005). Is Oedipus Online?: Siting Freud After Freud. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
7
Freud, S. (1955). Beyond the Pleasure Principle. In D. Strachey, et al. (Eds.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. vol. XVIII, London: The Hogarth Press, pp. 1–64.
8
McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
9
Mathiesen, T. (1997). The Viewer Society: Michel Foucault’s Panopticon Revisited. In Theoretical Criminology, 1(2): 215-234. doi:10.1177/1362480697001002003
10
Mulvey, L. (2003). Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema. In L. Braudy & M. Cohen (Eds.), Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings.
11
Silver, D. (2000). Looking Backwards, Looking Forward: Cyberculture Studies1990–2000. In D. Gauntlett (Ed.), Web Studies: Rewiring Media Studies for the Digital Age, pp. 19–30, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
12
Zizek, S. (2004). What Can Psychoanalysis Tell Us about Cyberspace? In The Psychoanalytic Review, 91(6): 801-830.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Social Media and Social Mobility: Exploring the Role of Social Networks in the 2018 Boycott Campaign in Morocco
Social networks have been resorted to as effective platforms for social mobility in many parts of the world. This mobility occurs when social media users exploit their interpersonal relationships, especially their ‘weak ties’ (Granovetter, 1973). Social networks enable their users to be producers of information, rather than mere consumers, and to be socially and politically well-informed. They have come to function as the alternative media serving citizens rather than governments’ agendas. The paper investigates whether or not social networks are used for social and political mobility in Morocco. Practically, the boycott campaign 2018 in Morocco is considered to uncover the new services these networks are offering. All these issues are investigated in this paper through administering a survey questionnaire to a Moroccan population. A quantitative and a qualitative analysis of 112 questionnaires show that the majority of the participants not only follow social and political content on social media but also share, post, and re-tweet content. The paper indicates that social media are useful platforms for political and social mobility since they are risk-free, costless, and accessible by everybody. The participants do not deny the outstanding roles that social networks play in organizing campaigns as forms of social mobility, yet they do not consider social media a prerequisite for making such events a success because the world has been witnessing successful mass street protests wherein no use of social media platforms has been mentioned.
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69185_e7af53c3973586a50947a6b1b9066dba.pdf
2019-01-01
59
78
10.22059/jcss.2019.264126.1024
boycotting
online activism
social networks
social and political mobility
weak ties
Ayyad
Echine
ayyad.echine@edu.uiz.ac.ma
1
Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdo, A. (2007). Morocco's 'video sniper' sparks a new trend | Menassat. [online] Menassat.com. Available at: http://www.menassat.com/?q=en/news-articles/2107-moroccos-video-sniper-sparks-new-trend [Accessed 10 Jun. 2011].
1
Agence France-Presse (2018). Morocco boycott targets cosy business and political elite. [online] Available at: https://www.thenational.ae/world/mena/morocco-boycott-targets-cosy-business-and-political-elite-1.734295 [Accessed 27 May 2018].
2
Beigh, U. (2018). Online boycott campaign turns into social movement in Morocco. [online] The Dawn News. Available at: https://www.thedawn-news.org/2018/06/05/online-boycott-campaign-turns-into-social-movement-in-morocco/ [Accessed 6 Jun. 2018].
3
Ben Saga, A. (2018). It’s been a Bumpy Ride: A Recap of the Moroccan Boycott.[online] Morocco World News. Available at: https://www.moroccoworldnews.com /2018 /05/246931/prices-economy-Moroccan-boycott/ [Accessed 24 May. 2018].
4
Bernard, H.R. (2002). Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative methods. Walnut Creek. California: AltaMira Press.
5
Borremans, P. (2018). Boycott in Morocco – a “perfect storm Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/boycott-morocco-perfect-storm-philippe-borremans mipra/”. [Accessed 24 May 2018].
6
Bouziane, Z. &Ibahrine, M. (2011). Mapping Digital Media: Morocco. The open society foundation. Available at: http://www.soros.org/initiatives/media/articles_publications/ publications/mappingdigital.
7
Boyd, D. (2010). Social network sites as networked publics: affordances, dynamics, and implications. Networked Self: Identity, Community, and Culture onSocialNetworkSites (ed. ZiziPapacharissi).
8
Castells, M. (1996). The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwells.
9
Eljechtimi, A. (2018Morocco consumer boycott has big business in its sights. CNBCAvailable at: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/30/reuters-america-morocco-consumer-boycott-has-big-business-in-its-sights.html. [Accessed10 June 2018].
10
Gates, B. (2000). Shaping the internet age. Internet Policy Institute. Available at: http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/billg/writing/shapingtheinternet.mspx [Accessed10 May 2011].
11
Granovetter, M.S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 6(78):360-1380.
12
Haug,A. (2011). Moroccan youth take on social media.Available at: http://www.i-m-s.dk/article/moroccan-youth-take-social-media [Accessed 20 September 2011].
13
Jamai, A. (2011). Report sets out reform agenda for media in Morocco. Media Policy. Available at: http://www.mediapolicy.org/2011/06/report-sets-out-a-reform-agenda-for- media-in-morocco/[Accessed 10 September 2011].
14
Jankari, R. (2009). Morocco catches Twitter and Facebook fever. http://www.magharebia.com/cocoon/awi/xhtml1/en_GB/features/awi/features/2009/07/24/feature-01/[Accessed 12 May 2011].
15
Karam, S. (2018, May 29). In Morocco Boycott, Anger, Layoffs and Bloated Udders. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-29/danone-cuts-milk-purchases-in-morocco-as-boycott-gathers-pace/ [Accessed 12 June 2011].
16
Khamis, S. & Vaughn, K. (2011). Cyber activism in the Egyptian Revolution: How civic engagement and citizen journalism tilted the balance. Arab Media and Society. Available at: http://www.arabmediasociety.com/?article=769/[Accessed 10 October 2011].
17
Khondker, H.H. (2011). Role of the new media in the Arab Spring. Globalizations, 8:37-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2011.621287.
18
Lerner, M.Y. (2010). Connecting the actual with the virtual: the internet and social movement theory in the Muslim world– the cases of Iran and Egypt. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 30(4):555-574.
19
Mamfakinch (2011). The “February 20” Movement. Retrieved 10 September 2011 from http://pomed.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Press_Kit_June2011.pdf
20
Molaei, H.(2017). Social media and politics: Examining Indonesians’ political knowledge on Facebook. Journal of Cyberspace Policy Studies, 1(1): 119-139. DOI: 10. 2 2 0 5 9 / j c p o l i c y.2017.59873
21
Smuts, L.M. (2010). Social networking sites as a new public Sphere: Facebook and its potential to facilitate public opinion as the function of public discourse– A case study of the 2008 Obama Campaign (unpublished master’s thesis). Stellenbosch University.
22
Tongco, D.C. (2007). Purposive sampling as a tool for informant selection. Ethnobotany Research & Applications, 5:147-158. Available at: http://journals.sfu.ca/era/index.php/era/article/viewFile/126/111[Accessed 20 September 2011].
23
York, J.C.(2010). Policing content in the Quasi-Public Sphere Available at: https://opennet.net/policing-content-quasi-public-sphere [Accessed 20 September 2011].
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Agency, Cyberspace, and Social Contract
The social contract has been about rights and responsibilities in human societies. Facebook and its role in manufacturing and sustaining a global social contract, a new “we” is clearly one of the research areas that needs more attention. A new “we” is coming of age in the new age of connectivity and communication with a new outlook toward responsibility and rights at individual and collective levels. Facebook purports to build a new world based on connection and communication which is based on progress and prosperity. However, a fundamental factor and feature of Facebook that needs attention and more research is that people and users are becoming increasingly lonely, separated and independent from each other in this process while connecting and communicating with one another. This new social contract and “we” thus have the new features of the relationship between the human agency and his/her social structures. Cyberspace is the product of human agency and clearly creates and sustains a specific social structure. This research seeks to study the relationship between human agency, changing technical tools of communication and connection and emerging and evolving social structures and social contracts. Bandura’s “social cognitive theory” (2006) rejects a conflict and dichotomy between agency and social structure. As agency helps to build new social structures after destroying the old ones these new structures create and sustain a new social contract and “we” with a new sense of responsibility, obligations, and rights.
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69246_e70c23f43c5d6d6413d8efd0958139d2.pdf
2019-01-01
79
100
10.22059/jcss.2019.263881.1023
Facebook
human agency
interdependence
social contract
social structure
Hassan
Hosseini
hahosseini@ut.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Al-Hoorie, A.H. (2015). Human agency: Does the beach ball have free will? In Z. M. Dornyei, Motivational Dynamics in Language Learning (pp. 55-71). Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
1
Bandura. (2012). On the functional properties of percieved self-efficacy revisited. Journal of Management, 9-44.
2
Bandura, A. (2006, June). Toward a psychology of human agency. Retrieved from Perspectives on Psychological Science: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4c53/0339369cff0093101ba611b28e48620f3493.pdf.
3
Bandura, A. (2006). Toward a psychology of human agency. Perspectives on Psyychological Science, 1(2), 164-180.
4
Baumeister, R.A. (2010). Concious thought is for facilitating social and cultural interactions: How mental simulations serve the animal-culture interface. Psychological Review, 117(3), 945-971.
5
Calheiros, C. (2014, 6). University of Heidelberg Institute for Religious Studies. Retrieved from Heidelberg Journal of Religions on the Internet: http://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/journals/index.php/religions/article/viewFile/17357/11168.
6
Callon, M. (1987). Society in the Making: The Study of Technology as a Tool for Sociological Analysis. In W. a. Bijker, The Social Construction of Technological Systems. Cambridge: MIT Press.
7
Callon, M.L. (1997). After the Individual in Society: Lessons on Collectivity from Science, Technology and Society. Canadin Journal of Sociology, 22(2),165-182.
8
Campbell, C. (2009). Distinguishing the power of agency from agenic power: A note on Weber and the "Black Box" of personal agency. Sociological Theory, 27(4) ,407-419.
9
Cressman, D. (2009, April). A Brief Overview of Actor-Network Theory: Punctualization. heterogeneous Engineering and Translation. Burnaby, Canada: CPROST.
10
Edwards, J. (2016, 12 12). Google employees confess all the things they hated most about working at Google. Retrieved from Business Insider UK: http://uk.businessinsider.com/google-employees-worst-things-about-working-at-google-2016-12/#you-are-given-everything-you-could-ever-want-but-it-costs-you-the-only-things-that-actually-matter-in-the-end-1.
11
Fried, I.M. (2011). Internally generated preactivation of single neurons in human dedial frontal cortex predicts volitoin. Neuron, 69: 548-562.
12
Friend, C. (n.d.). Social Contract Theory. Retrieved from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: http://www.iep.utm.edu/soc-cont/.
13
Ghonim, W. (Director) (2015, December). Let's design social media that drives real change. Geneva.
14
Gibbs, S. (2018, January 30). Child development experts urge Facebook to pull Messenger Kids app. Retrieved from The Guardian.
15
Hargittai, E. & Hsieh, Y.P. (2013). Digital inequality. in The Oxford Handbook of Internet Studies, (Ed William H. Dutton)129-151. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
16
Harrari, Y. (2017). Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow. New York: Harper.
17
Harris, S. (2017, April 19). What is technology doing to us? Retrieved from Samharris.org: https://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/what-is-technology-doing-to-us.
18
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Review of “Contesting Cyberspace in China: Online Expression and Authoritarian Resilience” by Rongbin Han
Contesting Cyberspace in China: Online Expression and Authoritarian Resilience by Rongbin Han. New York: Columbia University Press, 2018. 336pp., $30.00 (p/b), ISBN 978-0231184755
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69197_2c1b716c46068768d9c21e061f4b4691.pdf
2019-01-01
101
104
10.22059/jcss.2019.69197
censorship
cyberspace policy and politics
Internet use in China
netizens
Gordon
Alley-Young
gordon.young@kbcc.cuny.edu
1
Department of Communications & Performing Arts, Kingsborough Community College, City University of New York, New York City, USA
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Review of “The People Vs Tech: How the Internet is Killing Democracy (and How We Save It)” by Jamie Bartlett
The People Vs Tech: How the Internet is Killing Democracy (and How We Save It) by Jamie Bartlett. New York: Dutton, 2018. 256 pp., £8.99 (p/b), ISBN 978-1785039065.
https://jcss.ut.ac.ir/article_69198_0b543c16a410140aa4da76beb08584ee.pdf
2019-01-01
105
107
10.22059/jcss.2019.69198
Social media
Artificial Intelligence
Democracy
bots
trolls
Tim
Posada
tposada@saddleback.edu
1
Department of Journalism and New Media, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA, USA
LEAD_AUTHOR